Introduction:
Cypress has rapidly risen in popularity as a versatile tool for web integration and end-to-end UI test automation. In this guide, we will delve into the technical aspects of Cypress to help you understand its significance in your testing workflow.
Understanding Cypress
Cypress is an all-encompassing testing framework that streamlines the testing process into a single tool. This unification simplifies collaboration between developers and QA analysts, enhancing testing efficiency.
Prerequisites:
Setting Up Your Environment
Before diving into Cypress, ensure you have Node.js and npm (Node Package Manager) installed on your system. These prerequisites are essential for running Cypress. You can acquire them from the official Node.js website.
Installing Cypress
Getting Ready for Action
Cypress can be conveniently installed via npm. Open your terminal and execute the following command:
npm install Cypress –save-dev
This command Installs Cypress as a development dependency in your project.
Writing Your First Test
Hello, Cypress!
Create a new folder in your project directory named “cypress.” This is where all your tests will reside. Now, let’s write your first Cypress test. Inside the “cypress” folder, create another folder called “integration.” Within the “integration” folder, create a new JavaScript file (e.g., “first-test.spec.js”). This is where your test code will go.
In “first-test.spec.js”:
Javascript
describe(‘My First Test’, () => {
it(‘Visits the website’, () => {
cy.visit(‘https://www.example.com’)
})
})
Running Your Test
Seeing Cypress in Action
To run your test, open your terminal and enter the following command:
npx Cypress open
This command will launch the Cypress Test Runner, which allows you to select and run your test.
Writing Assertions
Checking Results
Cypress provides powerful assertion methods to verify the behaviour of your application. Let’s enhance our test to check if the page title is correct:
Javascript
describe(‘My First Test’, () => {
it(‘Visits the website and checks title’, () => {
cy.visit(‘https://www.example.com’)
cy.title().should(‘include’, ‘Example Domain’)
})
})
Interacting with Elements
Simulating User Actions
Cypress allows you to simulate user interactions. Let’s click a button on a fictional login page:
Javascript
describe(‘Login Test’, () => {
it(‘Logs in successfully’, () => {
cy.visit(‘https://www.example.com/login’)
cy.get(‘input[name=”username”]’).type(‘username)
cy.get(‘input[name=”password”]’).type(‘my password)
cy.get(‘button[type=”submit”]’).click()
cy.url().should(‘eq’, ‘https://www.example.com/dashboard’)
})
})
Handling Asynchronous Actions
Dealing with APIs
Modern web applications involve asynchronous actions, like API calls. Cypress makes it easy to handle such activities. Let’s mock an API response:
javascript
describe(‘API Test’, () => {
it(‘Displays mocked data from API’, () => {
cy.intercept(‘GET’, ‘/API/data’, { fixture: ‘mockedData.json’ })
cy.visit(‘https://www.example.com/dashboard’)
cy.get(‘.data-container’).should(‘contain’, ‘Mocked Title’)
})
})
Best Practices
Keeping Your Tests Maintainable
- Organise your tests into meaningful folders and files.
- Use descriptive test and assertion names.
- Leverage Cypress commands for various interactions.
- Use custom commands to avoid repetition.
- Make use of fixtures for test data.
Going Further
Advanced Cypress Features
As you become more comfortable with Cypress, explore its advanced features like custom commands, plugins, and integration with Continuous Integration (CI) tools.
Conclusion
Cypress is a tool that simplifies the process of testing web applications. This step-by-step guide has introduced you to the basics of Cypress settings. By following these steps and gradually exploring more advanced features, you’ll be well on your way to mastering end-to-end testing with Cypress.
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